CIA Triad, Authentication & Authorization in Cybersecurity (2026)

TL;DR The CIA Triad — Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability — is the foundational framework for every security control in existence. Every firewall rule, encryption policy, backup procedure, and access control maps to one or more of these three principles. Authentication verifies identity; authorization determines access; non-repudiation proves accountability. Understanding how these concepts interact is essential for evaluating whether any security control is fit for purpose and whether